Metallurgy is a field of science that tackles the study of the physical and chemical attributes of a metallic substance along with their intermetallic compositions and components which are fused together. These fused components as known as alloys. Metallurgy is also known as the technology of how metals work and is commonly known as an applied science.

Human metallurgy was first applied back in the 5th and 6th millennium B.C. Its evidence of craft and metal work was found in Majdanpek, Yarmovac, Plocnik, and Serbia. The most common metallic substance that was crafted was copper and axes are just some of the earliest tools made from this metal which came from the people of Vincha. Some researches even say that the science of metallurgy even went as far as the 3rd millennium that was evident in Portugal and Spain. This was also found in the Stonehenge in United Kingdom. Even though the dates from which people have tried to delineate the accurate time when metallurgy started is inconsistent, one fact still remains: Metallurgy is a branch of science that had been used for thousands of years and it's still used today.

Middle East is a nation rich in resources. One of which is metal and there is a wide array of metals being mined and exported worldwide. Metals such as copper, lead, bronze silver, lead and gold are just some of the examples.

In ancient Egypt, The Egyptians have made use of metals such as silver, iron, copper and tin for military purposes. Metal was an essential resource from which swords, shields, spears, and chariots were yielded from. They said that their swords came from heaven because the metals that were used to yield these tools for combat originally came from meteoric iron that had fallen from the sky. Eventually, they have learned how to refine their metallic craft and they soon yielded copper and tin. They also learned that by fusing these two metals, they can produce a more durable form of metal called bronze.

Iron was successfully extracted from its ore by the Hittites back in 1200 B.C that started the Iron Age. The secret of how pure iron can be yielded from an iron ore made the success of the Philistines as well.

Metallurgy eventually has been refined overtime and is now widely used all over the world. Its early developments were found on early civilizations of Turkey, Ancient Nok, Greece, Rome, Europe, Middle East, Egypt and Asia.

There are many evidences that these metals were used in China to make useful materials even before the western countries have learned to refine their own metal crafts. Crafts like forging and mining metals, however were more advanced in countries like Rome. The Romans were advanced enough to make use of the law of hydraulics to mine metals more effectively before any other civilization.

Today, the art of metallurgy still continues to enable modern innovators to make use of metals in every application that we can possibly take advantage of. Metals are used for metal art, for building infrastructures, medical science and it is also used to manufacture the things we use at home.

Richard Dean F. Basa